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Archive for the ‘ag/antitrust workshop’ Category

Some political theater [#agworkshop]

Posted by Geoffrey Manne on March 12, 2010

As readers may know, Eric Holder was added to the workshop at the last minute (see the latest agenda here).  So the day starts out with Holder and Vilsack, and they are joined by Varney and Tom Miller (the Iowa AG) and a host of other politicos including Senator Grassley and Congressman Boswell.

Vilsack is introducing the event, and seems to be lamenting the extraordinary increase in productivity in the farm sector–by which I mean, he laments the loss of farm jobs even though output has increased by leaps and bounds.  That’s an unfortunate framing of the issue, but it suggests that economic efficiency won’t be at the core of the discussion.

Some choice quotes from Vilsack:

“Great efficiencies have led to consolidation.  They’ve also led to lower prices for consumers.  . . . Is marketplace providing a fair deal to ranchers and farmers.”

“We know seed companies control the lion’s share of certain commodities–does that help or hurt farmers?”

“The purpose of the workshops is to determine if the system is fair [not efficient, fair --ed.].”

And now Eric Holder:

“erosion of free competition is one of the greatest threats to our economy.”

“We’ve learned the hard way that reckless deregulation can foster conduct that is harmful [this is a paraphrase . . . ]“

“Enforcement of the antitrust laws does not fully address the concerns of farmers and other stakeholders.  [Which explains why this isn't an antitrust event . . . ]“

And now comments from the panel, moderated by Vilsack . . . I’ll focus on the most relevant (if any) . . .

Holder:

“commitment to enforcing the antitrust laws in the ag sector.”

Grassley:

refers to “concentration and lack of competition in agriculture”

“not enough competition and too much concentration [I'll assume that's not an economic conclusion]“

“bigger isn’t per se bad but it can lead to predatory practices and behavior.”

“I don’t want anything to be done that stifles innovation.”

Well, as the political speeches proceed, there’s not much to report.  I’ll post this and await Varney’s comments . . . .

Posted in ag/antitrust workshop, business, markets, politics | Tagged: , , , , , | Comments Off

The Aggregation Problem [#agworkshop]

Posted by Michael Sykuta on March 12, 2010

As Geoff noted, we’re stationed at the DOJ/USDA workshop to witness the goings on and provide some comments.

US Secretary of Agriculture Tom Vilsack opened this session with a laundry list of statistics concerning rural America and the agriculture sector. The statistics focused on national concentration ratios and national averages, which are tremendously deceiving for understanding the agriculture sector.

For instance: the top four beef packing firms comprise 80% of the industry; the top four pork packers comprise 65% of that industry.  The percent of cattle and hogs sold in cash markets have dropped precipitously.  The majority (vast, in the case of hogs) are sold under some type of contractual arrangement. These are significant increases relative to 20 years ago.

However, these national statistics belie the fact that concentration at the local market level may not have changed as much as the national statistics suggest, as much of the consolidation at the national level has occurred as regional-based agribusinesses have merged or acquired businesses in other regions and lines of business.  While downstream firms would see fewer suppliers at the national scale, the number of firms buying from farmers in any given local market may not have changed so drastically.

Likewise, the statistics Secretary Vilsack offered about the portion of farm household income earned off the farm (suggesting an dependent vulnerability) is extremely misrepresentative.  As I noted in an earlier blog, the dependence of farming operations on off-farm income is tremendously skewed toward the small farms that produce a very small fraction of the value of agricultural production.

In this type of arena, it is too easy to fall into one of two traps: using national averages to describe a very heterogeneous industry, and using individual stories and anecdotes (on schedule later today) to draw broad inferences. Both fail to properly inform the issue.

Posted in ag/antitrust workshop, Sykuta | Tagged: , , | Comments Off

Sykuta and Manne: Covering the Agricultural Antitrust Workshop in Iowa [#agworkshop]

Posted by Geoffrey Manne on March 12, 2010

UPDATE:  Trying to find the right hash tag for the event, I’ve changed the title of this post and we’ll follow the convention for our live blogging today–posts from the Workshop will all have “#agworkshop” in the title.

Later this week Mike Sykuta and I will be winging our way to Iowa on behalf of the ICLE to attend the first of the year-long series of DOJ/USDA Workshops on Agriculture and Antitrust Enforcement Issues.  You can find the agenda for the first workshop, to be held Friday, March 12 in Ankeny, Iowa, here.  Intrepid reporters, we, our plan is to “live blog” the event for those of you unable to attend.  This first workshop, in addition to introducing the series, will focus on farming, which means seeds, which means the dispute between DuPont and Monsanto over licensing terms and everyone’s perennial favorite: industry concentration.

The agenda clearly reflects the highly-politicized nature of the issues under discussion, and, for example, a few news reports have suggested that the agenda has changed in response to pressure from Iowa Senator Tom Harkin.  Regardless, we expect a lively and interesting discussion.

For ease of reference all of our blogs from the workshop will be categorized under “ag/antitrust workshop,” and each post will have “DOJ/USDA Workshop” in the title.

TOTM is no stranger to the issues, and Mike and I have blogged a few times about the antitrust/licensing issues involved.  See:

Competition in Agriculture Redux (Manne, Kieff and Wright)

Competition in Agriculture (Sykuta)

Monsanto’s Licensing Case Victory (Manne)

Yet More Evidence Against the DOJ’s Antitrust Plantings (Sykuta)

The Seeds of an Antitrust Disaster (Manne)

DOJ Disconnect: Do We Really Need a Roadshow? (Sykuta)

Together with Scott Kieff and Joshua Wright, we also submitted a comment to the DOJ on the topic, “Comment on Intellectual Property, Concentration and the Limits of Antitrust in the Biotech Seed Industry,” available here (SSRN) or here (if you prefer to get it directly from the DOJ website).

The news has also been covering the seed industry antitrust issues, the DOJ/USDA workshops and agricultural antitrust issues more generally, and you can find a host of relevant news articles here.

We’re looking forward to the workshops and to your comments on the day’s events.

Posted in ag/antitrust workshop, announcements, antitrust, blogging, international center for law & economics, markets, politics, technology | Tagged: , , , , | 3 Comments »

Heritage Of A Taco

Posted by Michael Sykuta on March 9, 2010

Thanks to Peter Klein over at O&M for bringing attention to this image created by a group of California design students showing the network of suppliers necessary to produce the taco enjoyed at their favorite local taco truck.

While the purpose of their picture is to illustrate the ecological footprint (“tacoshed”) of their favorite tacos, the image illustrates just how complex is the nature of the food supply system.  It also illustrates why agribusiness firms (and other suppliers to the food system) have comprised a larger share of the average food dollar over the past several decades (relative to the farm level), as supply chains have lengthened to various corners of the globe.

In light of the DOJ/USDA antitrust workshops that begin later this week in Ankeny, IA, this picture illustrates what many participants in the program will likely ignore: the US food system is intricately intertwined with international markets and linked together by the same (large) agribusinesses that are under attack by populist farmer groups. While that is not a defense against competition concerns, it does suggest the nature of competition is much more complex (and hence more complicated to understand) than the simple “big is bad” finger pointing promised by the composition of the DOJ’s “discussion” panels.

Posted in ag/antitrust workshop, antitrust, law and economics, markets | 1 Comment »

 
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